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What Are Emission Factors?
Emission factors (also called conversion factors) are coefficients that convert activity data (like energy consumption in kWh or fuel use in litres) into greenhouse gas emissions (measured in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent, tCO₂e).
These factors represent the average emissions intensity of different energy sources and activities, taking into account the carbon content of fuels and the efficiency of energy conversion processes.
Key Concept:
Emission Factor × Activity Data = GHG Emissions
Example: 0.233 kgCO₂e/kWh × 1,000 kWh = 233 kgCO₂e = 0.233 tCO₂e
UK Government Conversion Factors
The UK government publishes annual conversion factors for company reporting, which are the official standard for SECR compliance. These factors are updated each year to reflect changes in the energy mix and technological improvements.
📊 Current Version: 2024 Factors
The latest UK conversion factors were published in June 2024 and apply to reporting periods ending in 2024 and 2025.
Source: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ)
| Factor Type | Unit | 2024 Value | 2023 Value | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grid Electricity | kgCO₂e/kWh | 0.233 | 0.257 | ↓ 9.3% |
| Natural Gas | kgCO₂e/kWh | 0.184 | 0.184 | No change |
| Diesel (Road) | kgCO₂e/litre | 2.68 | 2.68 | No change |